- Gukoresha ibikoresho byubuvuzi
- Ikoreshwa ryubwubatsi
- Gukoresha umuriro
- Porogaramu y'ubwiza
Kolagen ni ubwoko bwa poroteyine yera, idasobanutse, idafite amashami ya fibrous, ibaho cyane cyane mu ruhu, amagufwa, karitsiye, amenyo, imitsi, ligaments hamwe nimiyoboro yamaraso yinyamaswa.Ni poroteyine yingenzi cyane yubaka ingirabuzimafatizo, kandi igira uruhare mu gushyigikira ingingo no kurinda umubiri.Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gukuramo kolagen hamwe n’ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku miterere n'imiterere yabyo, imikorere y’ibinyabuzima ya hydrolysate ya kolagen na polypeptide yamenyekanye buhoro buhoro.Ubushakashatsi nogukoresha kwa kolagen byahindutse ahantu h’ubushakashatsi mubuvuzi, ibiryo, amavuta yo kwisiga nizindi nganda.
Kolagen ni poroteyine isanzwe y'umubiri.Ifite isano ya molekile ya poroteyine hejuru yuruhu, antigenicite idakomeye, biocompatibilité nziza n'umutekano wa biodegradation.Irashobora guteshwa agaciro no kwinjizwa, kandi ikagira neza.Suture yo kubaga ikozwe muri kolagen ntabwo ifite imbaraga zingana gusa nubudodo busanzwe, ariko kandi ifite uburyo bwo kuyikuramo.Iyo ikoreshejwe, ifite imikorere myiza ya platelet yoguteranya, ingaruka nziza ya hemostatike, ubworoherane bwiza na elastique.Ihuriro rya suture ntirirekuye, ingirangingo z'umubiri ntizangirika mugihe cyo gukora, kandi zifata neza igikomere.Mubihe bisanzwe, igihe gito cyo kwikuramo gishobora kugera ku ngaruka zishimishije za hemostatike.Kolagen rero irashobora gukorwa mo ifu, iringaniye na spongy hemostatike.Muri icyo gihe, gukoresha ibikoresho bya sintetike cyangwa kolagen mu gusimbuza plasma, uruhu rwubukorikori, imiyoboro yamaraso yubukorikori, gusana amagufwa hamwe namagufwa yubukorikori hamwe nabatwara imisemburo ya enzyme ni ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kandi bugashyirwa mubikorwa.
Collagen ifite amatsinda atandukanye yitabira kumurongo wa peptide ya peptide, nka hydroxyl, carboxyl na amino amatsinda, byoroshye kubyakira no guhuza imisemburo ningirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye kugirango bigere kuri immobilisation.Ifite ibiranga isano nziza na enzymes na selile hamwe no guhuza n'imihindagurikire.Byongeye kandi, kolagen iroroshye kuyitunganya no kuyikora, bityo kolagen isukuye irashobora gukorwa muburyo butandukanye bwibikoresho, nka membrane, kaseti, urupapuro, sponge, amasaro, nibindi, ariko haravugwa uburyo bwa membrane.Usibye ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, kwinjiza ingirangingo, guhuza ibinyabuzima na antigenicite nkeya, membrane ya kolagen ikoreshwa cyane muri biomedicine.Ifite kandi ibintu bikurikira: hydrophilicity ikomeye, imbaraga zingana cyane, derma imeze nka morfologiya n'imiterere, hamwe no kwinjirira neza mumazi numwuka.Bioplastique igenwa nimbaraga zikomeye kandi zidahinduka;Hamwe nimirwi myinshi ikora, irashobora guhuzwa muburyo bukwiye kugirango igenzure igipimo cyibinyabuzima.Guhindura ibisubizo (kubyimba);Ifite imbaraga zo guhuza iyo ikoreshejwe nibindi bikoresho bioaktike.Irashobora gukorana nibiyobyabwenge;Ubuvuzi buhujwe cyangwa bushingiye ku kumenya peptide burashobora kugabanya antigenicite, bushobora gutandukanya mikorobe, bukagira ibikorwa bya physiologique, nko guhuza amaraso nibindi byiza.
Ifishi isaba ivuriro nigisubizo cyamazi, gel, granule, sponge na firime.Muri ubwo buryo, iyi shusho irashobora gukoreshwa mugusohora buhoro ibiyobyabwenge.Gusohora buhoro buhoro imiti ya kolagen yemejwe ku isoko kandi irimo gutezwa imbere yibanda cyane cyane ku kurwanya anti-infection na glaucoma mu kuvura indwara z’amaso, kuvura kwaho mu guhahamuka no kurwanya indwara mu gusana ibikomere, dysplasia cervical dysplasia in ginecology na anesthesia yaho mu kubaga , n'ibindi.
Ikwirakwijwe cyane mubice byose byumubiri wumuntu, kolagen nikintu cyingenzi mubice byose kandi bigize matrice idasanzwe (ECM), nikintu gisanzwe cyumubiri.Urebye uburyo bwo kuvura, collagen yakoreshejwe mugukora ibice bitandukanye byubwubatsi bwa tissue, nkuruhu, tissue yamagufa, trachea nu mitsi yamaraso.Nyamara, kolagen ubwayo irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri, aribyo scafolds ikozwe muri kolagene yuzuye hamwe na scafolds ikozwe mubindi bice.Ibikoresho bya tekinike ya kolagen yuzuye bifite ibyiza byo guhuza ibinyabuzima byiza, gutunganya byoroshye, plastike, kandi birashobora guteza imbere ingirabuzimafatizo no gukwirakwira, ariko hariho nubusembwa nkimiterere mibi ya mashini ya kolagen, bigoye kuboneka mumazi, kandi ntibishobora gushyigikira iyubaka. .Icya kabiri, urugingo rushya ahasanwa ruzatanga imisemburo itandukanye, izahindura hydrolyze kolagen kandi iganisha ku gusenyuka kwa scafolds, bishobora kunozwa no guhuza cyangwa guhuza.Ibinyabuzima bishingiye kuri kolagen byakoreshejwe neza mubikoresho byubwubatsi bwuruhu nkuruhu rwubukorikori, amagufwa yubukorikori, ibihangano bya karitsiye na catheters.Inenge ya Cartilage yarasanwe hifashishijwe geles ya kolagen yashyizwe muri chondrocytes kandi hageragejwe guhuza epiteliyale, endoteliyale, na corneal selile kuri kolagen sponges kugirango ihuze ingirangingo.Abandi bahuza ingirabuzimafatizo ziva muri selile autogenous mesenchymal selile hamwe na kolagen gel kugirango ikore tendons yo gusana nyuma.
Ibiyobyabwenge byakozwe na tissue yibihimbano bikomeza-kurekura bigizwe na dermis na epitelium hamwe na kolagen kuko matrix ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge hamwe na kolagene nkibice byingenzi, bishobora gushiraho igisubizo cyamazi ya kolagene muburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge.Ingero zirimo kurinda collagen kubuvuzi bw'amaso, sponges ya kolagen yo gutwika cyangwa guhahamuka, ibice byo gutanga poroteyine, imiterere ya gel ya kolagen, ibikoresho bigenga ibiyobyabwenge binyuze mu ruhu, na nanoparticles yo kwanduza gene.Byongeye kandi, irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka substrate yubukorikori bwa tissue harimo sisitemu yumuco wa selile, ibikoresho bya scafold kumitsi yamaraso ya artile na valve, nibindi.
Uruhu rwa autologique rwabaye urwego rwisi yose yo kuvura icya kabiri - nicyiciro cya gatatu.Nyamara, kubarwayi bafite umuriro mwinshi, kubura ibihingwa bikwiye byabaye ikibazo gikomeye.Abantu bamwe bakoresheje tekinike ya bioengineering kugirango bakure ingirangingo zuruhu rwabana kuva selile zuruhu.Gutwika gukira muburyo butandukanye mugihe cibyumweru 3 kugeza kumezi 18, kandi uruhu rushya rukura rwerekana hypertrophyie no kurwanya.Abandi bakoresheje poli-DL-lactate-glycolike aside (PLGA) na kolagen karemano kugirango bakure fibroblast y'uruhu rw'ibice bitatu, berekana ko: Ingirabuzimafatizo zakuze vuba kuri meshi ya sintetike kandi zikura hafi icyarimwe imbere no hanze, hamwe na selile zigwira kandi zisohoka matrice idasanzwe yari imwe.Iyo fibre yinjijwe inyuma yimbeba ya dermal, tissue dermal yakuze nyuma yibyumweru 2, naho epiteliyale ikura nyuma yibyumweru 4.
Kolagen ikurwa mu ruhu rw’inyamaswa, uruhu usibye kolagen irimo na aside ya hyaluronike, sulfate ya chondroitine hamwe na proteoglycan, irimo umubare munini w’amatsinda ya polar, ni ibintu bitanga amazi, kandi bifite ingaruka zo gukumira tirozine mu ruhu guhinduka. melanin, solagen rero ifite ubushuhe karemano, kwera, kurwanya inkari, frake nibindi bikorwa, birashobora gukoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa byubwiza.Imiti ya kolagen hamwe nimiterere bituma iba umusingi wubwiza.Kolagen ifite imiterere isa nuruhu rwabantu.Ni poroteyine idafite amazi-eruble fibrous irimo isukari.Molekile zayo zikungahaye ku mubare munini wa aside amine na hydrophilique, kandi ifite ibikorwa bimwe byo hejuru kandi bihuza neza.Ku gipimo cya 70% ugereranije, irashobora kugumana 45% yuburemere bwayo.Ibizamini byagaragaje ko igisubizo cyiza cya 0,01% ya kolagen gishobora gukora urwego rwiza rugumana amazi, rutanga ubushuhe bwose uruhu rukeneye.
Hamwe no kwiyongera kwimyaka, ubushobozi bwubukorikori bwa fibroblast buragabanuka.Niba uruhu rubuze kolagene, fibre ya kolagen izafatanyirizwa hamwe, bigatuma kugabanuka kwa mucoglycans intercellular selile.Uruhu ruzatakaza ubworoherane, ubworoherane no kurabagirana, bikaviramo gusaza.Iyo ikoreshejwe nkibintu bifatika mumavuta yo kwisiga, iyanyuma irashobora gukwirakwira murwego rwimbitse rwuruhu.Tyrosine irimo irushanwa na tyrosine mu ruhu kandi ihuza na catalitike ya centre ya tyrosinase, bityo ikabuza umusaruro wa melanin, kongera ibikorwa bya kolagen mu ruhu, bikomeza ubushuhe bwa stratum corneum hamwe n'ubusugire bw'imiterere ya fibre , no guteza imbere metabolism yumubiri wuruhu.Ifite akamaro keza kandi keza ku ruhu.Mu ntangiriro ya za 70, bovine collagen yo gutera inshinge yatangijwe bwa mbere muri Amerika kugirango ikureho ibibara n’iminkanyari no gusana inkovu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-04-2023